ICJ Litigation Notes Digest (March 2026)

On 23 July 2025, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) issued a historic unanimous Advisory Opinion on States’ obligations in relation to climate change. Building on earlier opinions from the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, the ICJ clarified the scope and content of States’ duties under international law in the context of the climate crisis—guidance that is already influencing climate litigation before domestic, regional, and international courts.

To help translate this legal clarity into practical tools, a coalition of climate litigation practitioners developed a structured compendium of “Litigation Notes.

The joint “ICJ AO Litigation Notes Digest” is organized by key themes. The notes highlight essential excerpts of the Advisory Opinion (with paragraph references) and explain how they can support ongoing and future climate cases, strengthening accountability and advancing climate justice worldwide.

Read the full compilation of Litigation Notes and find below 9 separated, shorter booklets for each topic.

Litigation Note on Government Framework Cases	Litigation Note on Adaptation	Litigation Note on Remedies and Reparations
Litigation Note on the Right to a Healthy Environment	Litigation Note on Corporate Conduct	Litigation Note on Challenging the Financing Climate Destructive Conduct
Litigation Note on Challenging Speculative or Harmful Climate Interventions and Offsets	Litigation Note on Regulatory Rollback	Selected ICJ AO Excerpts of Overarching Importance

Published on March 3, 2026